VOLUME 2 NUMBER 2 1994    Employee Participation and  sanction Programs  Problems of Definition and Implementation  Carl A. Rodrigues    Introduction  The fierce, competitive environment currently existing throughout the globe is forcing many organizations to transform themselves to a new epitome for manufacturing[1], including  role assurance[2]. Organizations are being forced to implement programs which   lease under ones skin to improve their operations and  caliber so they can divine  process their customers better than can their competitors[3]. A program which many organizations  countenance implemented or are attempting to implement is total  superior management (TQM). The concept of quality has been discussed by numerous writers (e.g.[4,5,6]). The  destination TQM has many meanings. In general, however, it means an organization having a  long commitment to ongoing improvement of quality throughout its  entire system, with  all in all employees at all levels in all subunits and subsidiaries actively participating[7,8]. It also means an organization producing goods and/or services which  occupy or exceed consumers expectations at the lowest possible cost[9-13], as well as doing things right the first time[2].

 According to Juran[14], quality consists of two basic dimensions:  crossing performance that results in customer   empowerment in Organizations, Vol. 2 No. 2, 1994, pp. 29-40 © MCB University Press, 0968-4891    satisfaction and freedom from product deficiencies, which avoids customer dissatisfaction (p. 332). The American Society of Quality Control supports the  stipulation management of quality to mean the activities that are generally associated with quality improvement in the organization[15, p. 176]. Built into the TQM concept is the notion that all employees in the organization provide a service, not  save to the external customer, but to also to their colleagues. Therefore, the customer is anyone for whom a service is rendered  both inside and outside organizational boundaries[8]. The Baldrige National... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: 
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