The Study of Principal Factors of a Country

These foreign invaders adapted Egyptian institutions to their own authoritarian or despotic semipolitical ends.

The tart rigors of the Arabian Peninsula's arid and desolate desert climate and topography produced a nomadic bedouin culture in which society was organized or so family, tribal and clan units. Families were patrilineal (lines of descent ran through males). This cartridge holder-worn authority was leavened by extensive consultation among tribal loss leaders and members. Before the advent of the Prophet Muhammad (571-632 A.D.), Kennedy said that " scorn [their] common language and ethnic homogeneity, the Arabs had no central political organization and administration" (25). By the force of his personality, the Prophet, according to Hitti, replaced "the just about vital bond of Arab relationship, that of tribal kinship [with] a forward-looking bond, that of faith" (40).

Islam produced theocratic rule throughout the Arab world; however, afterwards the Prophet's death, the main centers of the Arab Empire evolved outside the Arabian Peninsula under the Umayyad caliphs (661-749) in Damascus and the Abbasids in Baghdad (750-1258). Most Arabs became Sunni Muslims, the dominant ca-ca of Islam in Saudi Arabia immediately, but a significant minority, today about one third of the population, the Shi'a, followed the teachings of Ali, the Prophet's cousin and son-in-law, and remains in eastern regions of the peninsula.

Arabs in the peninsula were much much removed from alienate influences than t

Longer, Honed Economy." Washington Post, 27 June 1999, A23.

Hodgson, marshal G. The Venture of Islam Vol. I. Chicago: U of

Saudi Arabia has consistently support the Arab cause vis-a-vis Israel while at the same time resisting internal radicalization which has led it to maintain close military and diplomatic ties with the United States and with other moderate and conservative Arab regimes. It has been a leader in the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) where it has generally exercised a moderating influence and in the disconnectedness Cooperating Council with other Arab Gulf states. Its pro-Western orientation increased in response to the arrival of more radical and potentially threatening regimes in Iran and Iraq and various internal and/or foreign-inspired terrorist incidents.

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