A Literature Review on Clozapine-Related Agranulocytosis

These compounds take for one retention in common, their ability to antagonize the action of dopamine at post-synaptic dopamine D2 receptors, which has been correlated with their antipsychotic activity.

Unfortunately, this blockade in the key nervous system (CNS) is associated with two major emplacement do: abnormal movements or extrapyramidal side effectuate and hyperprolactinemia. Unlike those agents, clozapine, a dibenzodiazepine derivative, is very active against psychotic symptoms without producing any clear-cut extrapyramidal side effects, and it shows an interesting activity against negative symptoms which ar poorly inured by classical neuroleptics. Beca use up of these features, Clozapine has been said to represent a great advance in the treatment of psychosis (Pitner, Mintzer, Pennypacker & Jackson, 1995; Koponen, Leinonen, Kuoppasalmi & Tiihonen, 1994).

Regarding clozapine treatment, Koponen, Leinonen, Kuoppasalmi and Tiihonen (1994) have noted that one of the medication's more serious side effects is agranulocytosis.

agranulocytosis is a disorder of the blood in which the lean of white cells is markedly reduced, usually resulting in the development of infected ulcers on the skin and in the throat, intestinal tract, and other mucose membranes. The condition is usually caused by something interfering with the production and reverse of white cells in the bone marrow.

Acute cases of agranulocytosis are chara

Gerson, S.L., Guillion, G., Yeh, H.S. & Masor, C. (1992). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. Lancet, 340, p. 1097.

Another correction which has used clozapine treatment for non-schizophrenic disorders was conducted by Young, Bosti, McDanald (1994) who studied the use of clozapine in a 21 year middle-aged man with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. It was observed that the disorder was successfully tough with 600 mg/day clozapine. The authors reported that:

Research Suggesting Agranulocytosis May Not Be Clozapine-Induced

Is there a family relationship between clozapine and obsessive-compulsive disorder?

A retrospective chart review.

However, levels of both anxiety and aggression significantly dropped triple months following the administration of clozapine. These effects peaked six months afterward the initial administration of the medication.

A comprehensive review of the record of clozapine and its success rates and side effects has been provided by Klimke and Klieser (1995) who report that clozapine is viewed by most psychiatrists and other relevant medical personnel as a prototype of an untypical neuroleptic; this because it has good antipsychotic efficacy but barely rarely produces extrapyramidal symptoms. In addition, the authors note that clozapine tends to be exceedingly effective in patients who are completely nonresponsive to classic neuroleptics.

The archetypal group of subjects was treated for 4.8 months while the second group was treated for 12.4 months respectively. Findings showed that the neutrophil/leukocyte ratio always remained within normal (50 per centum and higher), whereas the neutrophil count did not drop below 1600/ml. In other words, it was not pathological.

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